寫(xiě)在前面：什么是一般性辯論?
聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)是聯(lián)合國(guó)的主要審議、決策和代表性機(jī)關(guān)，由聯(lián)合國(guó)全部193個(gè)會(huì)員國(guó)組成，是唯一具有普遍代表性的機(jī)關(guān)。每年九月，大會(huì)的所有會(huì)員國(guó)齊聚紐約，在聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)會(huì)議廳召開(kāi)年度會(huì)議。大會(huì)通常分兩個(gè)階段，前段為一般性辯論階段，后段為大會(huì)討論和審議列入議程的各項(xiàng)議題階段。在一般性辯論中，聯(lián)合國(guó)各會(huì)員國(guó)可就廣泛的國(guó)際問(wèn)題發(fā)表各自看法。
一般性辯論其實(shí)不是小伙伴們理解的你一言我一語(yǔ)的話題爭(zhēng)論，“一般性”(general)意思是話題廣泛，但凡觸及人類社會(huì)發(fā)展中的各種問(wèn)題，都可發(fā)表見(jiàn)解。主要內(nèi)容是一國(guó)首腦對(duì)重大問(wèn)題闡述本國(guó)立場(chǎng)。
國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平9月28日在紐約聯(lián)合國(guó)總部出席第七十屆聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)一般性辯論并發(fā)表題為《攜手構(gòu)建合作共贏新伙伴 同心打造人類命運(yùn)共同體》的重要講話。講話全文及聯(lián)合國(guó)英譯版本如下：
攜手構(gòu)建合作共贏新伙伴 同心打造人類命運(yùn)共同體
Working Together to Forge a New Partnership of Win-win Cooperation and Create a Community of Shared Future for Mankind
——在第七十屆聯(lián)合國(guó)大會(huì)一般性辯論時(shí)的講話
– Statement at the General Debate of the 70th Session of the UN General Assembly
中華人民共和國(guó)主席 習(xí)近平
H.E. Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China
2015年9月28日，紐約
New York, 28 September 2015
主席先生，各位同事：
Mr. President, Dear Colleagues,
70年前，我們的先輩經(jīng)過(guò)浴血奮戰(zhàn)，取得了世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的勝利，翻過(guò)了人類歷史上黑暗的一頁(yè)。這一勝利來(lái)之不易。
Seventy years ago, the earlier generation of mankind fought heroically and secured the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War, closing a dark page in the annals of human history. That victory was hard won.
70年前，我們的先輩以遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí)，建立了聯(lián)合國(guó)這一最具普遍性、代表性、權(quán)威性的國(guó)際組織，寄托人類新愿景，開(kāi)啟合作新時(shí)代。這一創(chuàng)舉前所未有。
Seventy years ago, the earlier generation of mankind, with vision and foresight, established the United Nations. This universal and most representative and authoritative international organization has carried mankind’s hope for a new future and ushered in a new era of cooperation. It was a pioneering initiative never undertaken before.
70年前，我們的先輩集各方智慧，制定了聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章，奠定了現(xiàn)代國(guó)際秩序基石，確立了當(dāng)代國(guó)際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則。這一成就影響深遠(yuǎn)。
Seventy years ago, the earlier generation of mankind pooled together their wisdom and adopted the Charter of the United Nations, laying the cornerstone of the contemporary international order, and establishing the fundamental principles of contemporary international relations. This was an achievement of profound impact.
主席先生、各位同事!
Mr. President, Dear Colleagues,
9月3日，中國(guó)人民同世界人民一道，隆重紀(jì)念了中國(guó)人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年。作為東方主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，中國(guó)付出了傷亡3500多萬(wàn)人的民族犧牲，抗擊了日本軍國(guó)主義主要兵力，不僅實(shí)現(xiàn)了國(guó)家和民族的救亡圖存，而且有力支援了在歐洲和太平洋戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上的抵抗力量，為贏得世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利作出了歷史性貢獻(xiàn)。
On the third of September, the Chinese people, together with the world’s people, solemnly commemorated the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. As the main theater in the East, China made a national sacrifice of over 35 million casualties in its fight against the majority troops of Japanese militarism. It not only saved itself and its people from subjugation, but also gave strong support to the forces against aggression in the European and Pacific theaters, thus making a historic contribution to the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War.
歷史是一面鏡子。以史為鑒，才能避免重蹈覆轍。對(duì)歷史，我們要心懷敬畏、心懷良知。歷史無(wú)法改變，但未來(lái)可以塑造。銘記歷史，不是為了延續(xù)仇恨，而是要共同引以為戒。傳承歷史，不是為了糾結(jié)過(guò)去，而是要開(kāi)創(chuàng)未來(lái)，讓和平的薪火代代相傳。
History is a mirror. Only by drawing lessons from history can the world avoid repeating past calamity. We should view history with awe and human conscience. The past cannot be changed, but the future can be shaped. Bearing history in mind is not to perpetuate hatred. Rather, it is for mankind not to forget its lesson. Remembering history does not mean being obsessed with the past. Rather, in doing so, we aim to create a better future and pass the torch of peace from generation to generation.
主席先生、各位同事!
Mr. President, Dear Colleagues,
聯(lián)合國(guó)走過(guò)了70年風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨，見(jiàn)證了各國(guó)為守護(hù)和平、建設(shè)家園、謀求合作的探索和實(shí)踐。站在新的歷史起點(diǎn)上，聯(lián)合國(guó)需要深入思考如何在21世紀(jì)更好回答世界和平與發(fā)展這一重大課題。
The United Nations has gone through the test of time over the past seven decades. It has witnessed efforts made by all countries to uphold peace, build homeland and pursue cooperation. Having reached a new historical starting point, the United Nations needs to address the central issue of how to better promote world peace and development in the 21st century.
世界格局正處在一個(gè)加快演變的歷史性進(jìn)程之中。和平、發(fā)展、進(jìn)步的陽(yáng)光足以穿透戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、貧窮、落后的陰霾。世界多極化進(jìn)一步發(fā)展，新興市場(chǎng)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家崛起已經(jīng)成為不可阻擋的歷史潮流。經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、社會(huì)信息化極大解放和發(fā)展了社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力，既創(chuàng)造了前所未有的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，也帶來(lái)了需要認(rèn)真對(duì)待的新威脅新挑戰(zhàn)。
